Design and Implementation of Smart Monitoring Systems Based on IoT Sensor Devices

Abstract. This article examines the technological principles of designing and implementing smart monitoring systems based on sensor technologies and Internet of Things (IoT) platforms. The main objective is to analyze the functional architecture of IoT-based monitoring systems designed for automated measurement, collection, transmission, processing, and presentation of physical and environmental parameters. The study considers sensor nodes, communication protocols, data processing mechanisms, the integration of cloud and edge computing technologies, and information security requirements. Based on a systematic and comparative analysis, a generalized architecture consisting of sensing, communication, data processing, and application layers is presented. The potential applications of these systems in industry, agriculture, environmental monitoring, and smart city infrastructure are also discussed. The analysis indicates that sensor-based IoT systems enable real-time data acquisition, more efficient resource utilization, and improved information support for management decisions. At the same time, system reliability depends on sensor accuracy, communication stability, data security, and energy efficiency. The article also identifies technical evaluation criteria for future applied research, including measurement error, transmission delay, packet loss, energy consumption, and system availability. The study is conceptual and literature-based; no experimental prototype results are claimed.

Keywords: Internet of Things, IoT, sensor technologies, smart monitoring, data processing, edge computing, cloud technologies, digital management

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