DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/117/83-87
Inji Aghayeva
Azermemar State General Design Institute
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9870-7958
UOT-746.5
imemmedova158@gmail.com
Historical Development of Batik Art in Azerbaijan and its
Application in National Clothing Culture
Abstract
The art of batik has existed since ancient times and played an important role in the textile and decorative arts of many cultures. It reached its classical form in Indonesia, where it became a significant part of the cultural heritage. Batik is based on the technique of applying wax and dye to fabric, producing intricate and symbolic patterns. It serves not only as decoration for clothing but also as an expression of social status, religious beliefs, and cultural identity. Historically, batik evolved through various stages, influenced by Islamic culture, European colonialism, and globalization. The development of hot and cold batik techniques, alongside the use of diverse dyes and fabrics, expanded artistic possibilities.
In Azerbaijan, batik developed against the backdrop of traditional textile and silk-making practices. Regions like Shaki, Basgal, and Ganja were known for fabric dyeing, which in the 20th century merged with modern batik techniques. Azerbaijani national motifs, fairy tales, and cultural symbols are often incorporated into batik designs.
The “kelaghayi,” a traditional silk headscarf, stands out as one of the most beautiful and ancient forms of Azerbaijani batik, symbolizing national identity and femininity.
Keywords: Batik art, textile technology, fabric dyeing, national costume, decorative applied arts, kelaghayi, Azerbaijani culture, natural dyes, ethnographic heritage, sericulture