Linguistic Stylistic Features and Lexical Layers of “Dastani-Ahmed Harami”
Arifa Zeynalova
Abstract. This article examines the lexical features of the poem “Dastani-Ahmad Harami,” one of the valuable monuments of the history of Azerbaijani literary language. The work is of particular importance both for its historical-cultural value and for the richness of its linguistic material. The main purpose of the research is to systematically analyze the vocabulary of the monument, determine the origin of lexical units used in the text, reveal their semantic characteristics and fields of usage, and define their place in the development of the Azerbaijani literary language. At the same time, the functional features of common words, terminological vocabulary, onomastic units, household words, and kinship terms used in the poem are also investigated.
The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that the language material of “Dastani-Ahmad Harami” has been re-evaluated on the basis of modern linguistic approaches, and the interaction of lexical layers with historical language facts has been brought into focus. During the research, descriptive, comparative-historical, structural-semantic, contextual, and statistical methods were applied. Through these methods, the functions of lexical units, their semantic changes, their belonging to active and passive vocabulary, as well as their relations with the modern Azerbaijani language were determined.
The study reveals that words of Common Turkic origin occupy a leading position in the vocabulary of the poem. Alongside these, Arabic and Persian borrowings, terms reflecting the socio-cultural environment of the period, geographical names, and personal names also hold an important place. The language of the poem demonstrates a synthesis of simple folk speech style and classical artistic means of expression. This increases the value of the monument from both literary-aesthetic and historical-linguistic perspectives. As a result, the article proves that “Dastani-Ahmad Harami” is one of the significant sources for studying the historical vocabulary of Azerbaijani, identifying the medieval language environment, and tracing the formation stages of the national literary language.
Keywords: Dastani-Ahmad Harami, lexicon, historical linguistics, onomastic units, terminological vocabulary, Azerbaijani literary language