Sachly Ganieva
Azerbaijan Architectural and Construction University
PhD in physical and mathematical sciences
s.ganiyeva@hotmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7495-2758
Javahir Tunja
Azerbaijan Architectural and Construction University
PhD student
cevahir.oa@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6045-4517
Remote Sensing Method and Marine and Ocean
Water Study
Abstract
Remote sensing plays a vital role in modern oceanographic research, providing continuous, large-scale, and long-term observations of the surface of seas and oceans. This article examines the principles, methods, and applications of remote sensing in marine environmental studies. Using data from optical, infrared, microwave, and radar sensors, remote sensing measures key ocean parameters such as sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration, sea surface height, salinity, and surface wind fields. These observations are fundamental for understanding ocean circulation, climate variability, ecosystem dynamics, and coastal processes. Satellite missions such as MODIS, Sentinel, and Jason have created consistent global datasets that support the monitoring of sea level rise, marine pollution, algal blooms, and sediment transport. Integrating remote sensing data with in situ measurements and numerical models improves the accuracy of ocean forecasts and environmental assessments. This study highlights the benefits of remote sensing for marine science and examines its limitations, including atmospheric interference, depth limitations, and algorithmic uncertainties. Overall, remote sensing is an indispensable tool for sustainable ocean management and advancing our understanding of Earth's marine systems.
Keywords: ecosystem dynamics, sea level rise, ocean forecasts, seawater, sea surface, sea level