Study of High-Yielding, Environmentally Adapted Pome Fruit Varieties Resistant to Diseases and Pests in the Territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Arkinaz Rahimova 
Abstract. The article examines the distribution zones of apple and pear varieties identified in the Ordubad and Sharur districts, as well as varieties resistant to diseases and pests. Phenological observations were carried out on these forms starting from the flowering phase, and the development dynamics of their shoots and fruits were measured every ten days with corresponding records taken. Meeting the growing demand of our population for various fruit products has always been a priority. This requires further expansion of orchards, selection and placement of productive and promising varieties, and their propagation. Therefore, we set out to study local and introduced fruit varieties cultivated in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, their distribution across different districts and zones, and to determine which varieties are more productive under the specific climatic and soil conditions of the autonomous republic.
Scientifically based selection of local and introduced fruit varieties allows for increasing varietal diversity in agriculture and identifying genotypes with superior economic and quality characteristics. In particular, cultivation of varieties distinguished by high productivity, frost resistance, and resilience to major plant diseases can significantly enhance productivity in pome fruit orchards in the near future. Ultimately, this process contributes to ensuring sustainable agricultural production and partially meeting the increasing demand of the population for fresh fruits and fruit-based products.
Keywords: pomological descriptions, selection, agrobiological characteristics, phenological observations, diseases and pests