DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2789-6919/50/64-68
Shahla Ibrahimova
Baku State University
PhD student
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8953-1438
shahla.aqill@gmail.com
Study of Personality (Essence and Structure) in the
Psychodynamic Approach
Abstract
In the psychodynamic approach, the essence of personality is explained through the interaction of inner psychological processes, particularly unconscious motives, desires, and conflicts. According to this perspective, personality develops based on past experiences, especially childhood impressions, and the traces they leave in the unconscious. In Freud’s theory, the structure of personality is explained through the components of the Id, Ego, and Superego. The Id represents instinctual needs and impulses, the Ego regulates these impulses through the reality principle, and the Superego embodies social norms and moral values. The dynamic interaction and conflict among these three structures shape human behavior and internal psychological tensions. The psychodynamic approach also emphasizes the role of defense mechanisms in maintaining personality stability. Thus, this theory explains the essence of personality as a result of the dynamic interaction between conscious and unconscious processes, focusing on the deeper aspects of an individual’s psychological life.
Keywords: psychodynamic approach, personality structure, unconscious, defense mechanisms, internal conflict, psychological development