The Philosophical Essence of Language and the Epistemological Role of Speech Culture in the Construction of Social Order

Yegana Gahramanova

Abstract. This research paper analyzes the philosophical nature of language, its multifaceted role in human society, and its reciprocal relationship with thought. Language is examined not merely as a means of communication, but as a fundamental phenomenon that distinguishes humans from other creatures and regulates the socio-social structures of society.

The article extensively reviews various philosophical approaches regarding the origin of language, including theological, positivist, and empiricist perspectives, as well as N. Marr’s social-class theories. The author concludes that language and thought function as "twin wings" that complement each other; the unbreakable bond between these two concepts plays a decisive role in the formation of speech culture. Grasping the philosophical essence of the phonetic, lexical, and grammatical systems of language is assessed as an essential intellectual activity that develops the cognitive and thinking abilities of language users.

Referring to Confucius’s views on the regulatory and justice-protecting function of language, the article emphasizes that the correctness of language is the foundation of social order. Finally, the author notes that humans act as the managing and regulatory factor in the unity of language and culture; understanding the philosophical roots of language allows for a fuller comprehension of a nation's worldview, national-mental characteristics, and historical development. This research provides an academic justification for the necessity of studying language from both formal and practical perspectives.

Keywords: language, human society, communication, philosophical nature, thought, speech culture, culture

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