The Role of Satellite Navigation Systems (SNS) in Ensuring the Safety of Ship Navigation
Еlnur Аbbаsоv1* , Aytaj Rustəmli2
Abstract. Ensuring the safety of ship navigation remains a key priority in the modern maritime transport sector. The expansion of global trade and increasing vessel traffic intensity require navigation processes to be performed with higher accuracy and reliability. In this context, satellite navigation systems (SNS) play a critical role in maritime operations. This study analyzes the application of global satellite navigation systems, including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, in ship navigation, focusing on their contribution to safety, advantages, and limitations. The integration of SNS with differential correction systems, AIS, and ECDIS is examined, and their role in reducing maritime accidents is evaluated in accordance with International Maritime Organization requirements. In addition, the study highlights the role of SNS in route optimization and their economic and environmental benefits through reduced fuel consumption. The findings indicate that the integrated use of SNS significantly enhances navigation safety by minimizing human-related risks. However, challenges such as signal interference, cybersecurity threats, and technical failures remain relevant. The study proposes the development of alternative navigation technologies and multi-sensor backup systems, particularly in the context of the transition toward autonomous shipping.
Keywords: satellite navigation systems, ship navigation, maritime safety, GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, differential navigation, AIS, ECDIS