DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/58/12-15
Ophelia Nasirova
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction
PhD in Economics
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0016-413X
ofeliya.nasirova@azmiu.edu.az
The Second Green Revolution: The Role of Biotechnologies in
Global Food Security
Abstract
In the context of the rapid growth of the world population, climate change and depletion of natural resources, the issue of global food security has become even more urgent. In these circumstances, the reformation of the agricultural sector and the application of new technological approaches have become a necessity. In this regard, the new era, called the “Second Green Revolution” and based on biotechnology, plays an important role in establishing sustainable and highly productive production models. The development of biotechnology is closely related to the history of technical microbiology and has been observed since ancient times with the use of various microorganisms in food production.
The article also shows that through biotechnological methods it is possible to create varieties of plants and animals resistant to climate change, pests and soil degradation. This allows for increased productivity in local collections, more efficient use of resources and protection from environmental pollution. At the same time, the application of biotechnologies creates legal, social and environmental problems. Accordingly, the creation of legal and institutional mechanisms in accordance with international standards for the management of these technologies, as well as public education is particular importance.
Keywords: food security, biotechnology, world population, international standard, agriculture