https://doi.org/10.36719/XXXX-XXXX/2/34-40

Khasmurad Ismayilzadeh

Istanbul Gedik University

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8871-7150

xasmurad2003@gmail.com

The Origin and Development of Marketing

Abstract

The article discusses the history and development of marketing, which is currently one of the most important areas used to successfully operate in world markets and win the competition.

Marketing as a science has undergone a great development since the middle of the 20th century.

There are different opinions about the history of marketing. Thus, some historians claim that the emergence of marketing as a science began in 1900 in connection with the development of industry, while another group of scientists claim that it is older. However, when we pay attention to the dates of discovery of some of the tools used in marketing (Gutenberg's invention of the mass printing device for flyers and brochures in 1450, the publication of the first paid advertisement in a French newspaper in 1836, etc.), the emergence of marketing goes back to much earlier times.

The emergence and development of marketing is divided into certain historical periods.

1. Ancient times, primitive forms of manifestation - During this period, market relations began to emerge

2. Middle Ages, improvement - The impact of early discoveries on market relations increased even more.

3. Early 20th century, science and application - The influence of science and applications as a means of regulating market relations in the marketing industry, and the emergence of new tools began to expand.

4. Modern era - Electronicization meant more development.

Marketing as a science is found in one source in 1906 - 1911, and in another source in 1897 in the Journal of the American Economic Association (Bartels 1988, Brussiere 2000). In the Oxford English Dictionary, the date of origin of the word marketing coincides with the 16th century (Dixon, 2002).

The first teaching of marketing as an education did not begin in the United States, as many people think, but in Germany in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (Jones and Moniensen, 1990). At that time, market trends were studied from the specific to the general, and regularities were determined based on observations and experience.

Marketing, which has reached the modern era, was created in the United States and transformed into a system.

Keywords: marketing, business, international business, advertising, market, production, sales, breed