https://doi.org/10.36719/2706-6185/45/53-57
Oktay Rzayev
Nakhchivan Teachers Institute
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6377-255X
oktay_rzayev@mail.ru
Attacks on the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1918-1920
Abstract
The article stated that the national liberation movement is strengthening under the slogan of creating an independent Azerbaijani state. During this period, it was noted that the military-political situation in Transcaucasia was extremely aggravated.The military-political situation in Transcaucasia was extremely acute. Counter-revolution had joined forces in the fight against Soviet power. In November 1917, representatives of georgian mensheviks, dashnaks, musavat and esers organized their own local authorities in Tbilisi - the Transcaucasian Commissariat
In February 1918, the “Transcaucasian Seim” was established in Tbilisi, consisting of 4 Deputy groups, and in April Transcaucasia was declared an “Independent federative republic”. Then decisions were made to proclaim a republic in Azerbaijan and neighboring countries. After that, the names of a number of cities and settlements were changed and azerbaijanized, for example: Yelizavetpol-Ganja, etc. such issues are reflected in the article.
Despite the serious financial difficulties, the Government of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan allocated 5 million manats for the organization of the University and the purchase of equipment, special courses were organized in Baku, Ganja, Nukha, Shusha, Gazakh, Salyan, Gusar, Zagatala to train teachers for the lower national classes, teaching staff for secondary schools. The opening of Baku university, that is, the first higher education institution of the Republic in November 1919, was an important event in the history of Azerbaijan. The first rector of University was a Russian scientist, professor V.I.Razumovsky. Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic F.Kh.Khoyski, N.Yusifkhanov, Minister of Public Education R.Gaplanov, his deputy H.Shakhtakhtinsky and, of course, the main causative was M.A.Rasulzadeh.
Keywords: Independent state of Azerbaijan, military-political situation, independent federal republic, civil war, Daghlig-Garabagh, Tbilisi conference, Transcaucasian Seim, Baku commune