DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2706-6185/49/95-99
Rahila Gurbanova
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4589-004X
rahila.qurbanova@mail.ru
Enlightenment of the Soul in the Teachings of the Upanishads
Abstract
The article analyzes the Upanishads as one of the oldest texts that form the basis of Indian philosophical thought and analyzes the meaning of existence, the creation of the universe, the essence of the soul, the process of its enlightenment, as well as the paths leading to enlightenment. These texts show that human existence has a reality superior to the material world and that this reality can be understood only through enlightenment. In the teachings of the Upanishads, the process of the union of Atman (soul) and Brahman (universal spirit) is called enlightenment of the soul or self-realization. The article also analyzes philosophical concepts such as Brahman, Atman, maya, moksha, karma, reincarnation and samsara. It is noted that the highest spiritual and philosophical quest of the Upanishads is to find one's inner self.
Keywords: universe, god, soul, Brahman, Atman, maya, moksha, karma, samsara, reincarnation