Comparative Assessment of Antioxidant and Antiradical Activity of Walnut Kernels (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes from Different Regions of Azerbaijan
Samira Chyragova1* 
, Ralphreed Hasanov2
Abstract. A comparative analysis of antioxidant (AO) and antiradical (AR) activities was conducted using aqueous–ethanolic extracts obtained from native walnut kernels (Juglans regia L.) enclosed within shells of different genotypes cultivated across distinct agro-ecological regions of Azerbaijan (Shamakhi, Gabala, and Ordubad). Extraction was performed at a solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:3 (w/v), followed by dilution to a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Biological activity was assessed using an induced chemiluminescence assay with hydrogen peroxide as an initiator of free radical reactions, enabling quantitative evaluation of the extracts’ ability to inhibit oxidative processes and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results demonstrated pronounced genotype-dependent variability. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the Shamakhi genotype (87.5%), indicating a greater abundance of redox-active compounds. In contrast, higher antiradical activity was recorded for the Gabala (65.7%) and Ordubad (59.3%) genotypes, suggesting differences in antioxidant mechanisms, likely associated with variations in phenolic composition. Overall, the findings highlight the substantial biochemical potential of the studied material and underscore the influence of genotype and agro-ecological factors on antioxidant properties, supporting the targeted selection of walnut genotypes for functional food and biotechnological applications.
Keywords: Juglans regia L., antioxidant activity, antiradical activity, chemiluminescence, genotypes