https://doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/51/14-18
Laman Novruzova
Nakhchivan State University
Doctor of Philosophy in Biology
leman.novruzova.1990@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4269-3219
Lala Hasanli
Nakhchivan State University
Ph. D. candidate
lale.alimli@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3169-1285
Gadir Aliyev
Nakhchivan State University
qadir.aliyev61@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6765-9099
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women in
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) hominis virus, belonging to the Herpesviridae family, is widespread in all societies around the world, and in developing countries, most people encounter CMV in early childhood. It is second place after HIV in developing countries.
Anthroponosis is a disease. The source of the disease is those who carry the virus or are sick with one or another form of the disease. Agents are found in blood, saliva, cervical, vaginal secretions, eye drops, sperm, amniotic and cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, feces. Infection occurs with these specified biological materials and secretions, as well as with transplants. The main infection mechanism is aspiration, it is transmitted by airborne droplets. There is a 25 % chance of transmission from mother to fetus through sexual contact.
Seasonality is not characteristic of the disease. The immunoresistance of CMV is striking. So, despite the presence of antibodies against it, CMVs can circulate in the human body and pass to other people and to the fetus in pregnant women. Persistence and multiplication of viruses in the body without showing symptoms causes the infected person to remain a virus carrier throughout his life. Cellular immunity plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CMV infection. Therefore, this infection is considered an indicator of cellular immunity deficiency. It should be noted that latent CMV infection in pregnant women does not always lead to fetal infection.
Keywords: cytomegalovirus, causative agent, prevalence index, types, age range