DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/64/33-42
Investigation of the Anaerobic Fermentation Process
of Organic Waste
Mahal Muradov1 
, Mushkunaz Nazarova2 , Irada Garayeva1* , Konul Valiyeva3 , Afag Huseynova4
Abstract. Reactors used in the anaerobic fermentation of carbon-containing waste (agricultural, sewage sludge, livestock, etc.) for biogas production have been studied. Various designs of equipment intended for the production of biogas and bio-organic fertilizers through the anaerobic fermentation of waste have been proposed. The advantage of anaerobic fermentation in such reactors lies in the fact that, unlike classical aerobic biological treatment methods, all bacteria function under the same conditions in properly organized anaerobic systems. Bacteria operate under diverse physical and chemical conditions. This allows for the optimization, control, and ultimately improvement of the quality of waste treatment. Equations have been derived to determine biogas productivity based on the proposed biogas systems. From this perspective, the calculation of the biogas plant and the yield of biogas depend empirically on the design and technical parameters of the system. The paper studies the design and technological features of biogas production units for anaerobic fermentation of organic waste. A classification of biogas production technologies and biomass mixing methods is proposed. The types of mixing devices in the chemical industry are considered and the distribution of medium flows during their operation is described. It is established that a promising direction for improving mixing systems in biogas plants is the combination of mechanical and bubbling types of mixing.
Keywords: bioreactor, fermentation, biogas, methanotank, organic waste