DOI: https://doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/60/12-16
Raifa Salmanova
Nakhchivan State University
PhD in Biology
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4840-734X
raifasalmanova@ndu.edu.az
Study of Species Belonging to the Genus Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski (Orchidaceae) Distributed in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Abstract
In this article, the bioecological characteristics and practical significance of species belonging to the genus Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski (Marsh Orchid) distributed across various ecological zones of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic were investigated. As research material, the main representatives of this genus — D. romana, D. umbrosa, D. incarnata, D. salina, D. euxina, and others — were selected. Field observations revealed that these plants are widely distributed in mountainous and foothill areas, riverside landscapes, and wetland ecosystems, where they perform essential ecological functions.
According to the results, species of Dactylorhiza play a significant role in maintaining the stability of phytocoenoses, conserving biodiversity, and regulating soil and water regimes. Their ability to adapt to different ecological conditions justifies their inclusion among bioindicator plant groups. While stable populations were observed in humid habitats, the number of individuals decreased in drier zones. Light regime was also identified as an important factor: flowering intensity was higher in open areas, while it remained relatively weak in shaded sites.
Dactylorhiza species are important not only for maintaining ecological balance within ecosystems but also for their economic value. Their ornamental features make them valuable for horticulture and landscape design, whereas biologically active substances derived from their tubers are widely used in folk medicine and for therapeutic purposes.
Keywords: Dactylorhiza, orchid, flora, bioecology, coenopopulation